Roman and Greek Philosophys Influence on Todays Western...

Advances in Art, science and politics were made in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea. Greek philosophers were among the first in the West to explore nature in a rational way and to make educated guesses about the creation of the world and the universe. This is why Greece is often referred to as the birthplace of Western culture. The ancient Greeks viewed the world in a way that one would today perhaps describe as holistic. Science, philosophy, art and politics were interwoven and combined into one worldview. Moreover, those who look carefully will find subtle, but intelligible parallels between early Greek philosophy and Eastern thought. The Heraclitean fire resembles Buddhist impermanence, while the Greek Logos resembles the†¦show more content†¦Eventually, the Judaic sect we now call Christianity would prevail. The single most important philosophy in Rome was Stoicism, which originated in Hellenistic Greece. The contents of the philosophy were easily persuaded to the Roman worldview, especially to repeat what the Romans considered their crowning achievement. The centrepiece of Stoic philosophy was the concept of the logos. The universe is ordered by God and this order is the logos, which means ?meaning of the universe?. Rome at its beginning was basically agricultural and martial culture. As a result, the earliest Romans stressed effortlessness, strength, and toughness, which are all requirements of both the agricultural and martial lifestyles. As an academic discipline, Western political philosophy has its origins in ancient Greek society, when city-states were experimenting with various forms of political organization including monarchy, tyranny, aristocracy, oligarchy, and democracy. One of the first, extremely important classical works of political philosophy is Platos The Republic, which was followed by Aristotles Politics. Roman political philosophy was influenced by the Stoics, and the Roman statesman Cicero wrote on political philosophy. Plato developed such distinct areas of philosophy as epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics. His deep influence on Western philosophy isShow MoreRelatedThe Development of Ancient Greece through Philosophic Evolution732 Words   |  3 PagesThe Ancient Greeks founded for western culture a basis of understanding and appreciation of wisdom that still carries substantial influence in modern times. During this time, the need for understanding became predominate as humankind readied themselves to begin looking beyond religion and mysticism for answers upon the fundamental principles in life. Although, the pre-Socratics focused more toward a material aspect on the physical nature of things, Socrates and his disciples established an influential

How Fashion Can Represent The State Of Mind And Emotions...

Elevated to Art: How fashion can represent the state of mind and emotions of New Zealanders through aesthetics, thus elevating it from a display of frivolity to one of art. The German philosopher, Walter Benjamin, discussed fashion as having the unique ability to successfully make the leap â€Å"from a sociological, art historical, or material observation of clothes, to an understanding of fashion s unique character as a historical constituent, a structuring device, potentially even a revolutionary force.† Benjamin’s perspective is an alternative to the ubiquitous thought in both New Zealand and international garment design that fashion holds a status of frivolousness over one of art. The thoughts held however, by those involved or interested in fashion tend to favour Benjamin’s viewpoint. This research’s intent is to provide evidence that fashion, with an emphasis on the work of New Zealand designers, can be a major commentator on social discourse. Placing emphasis on this potential is what could allow design to have an equal amount of possibilities and opportunities as any other form of fine arts. The question of how the world of fashion can be connected to social and political movements, such as gender inequity, has become a point discussed amongst scholars, designers and other members of the fashion industry. Following a recent survey of current literature, a range of factors were made apparent, with two signfact points being highlighted. The first of these themes wasShow MoreRelatedManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesReed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005 by The McGraw−Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher. This McGraw−HillRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pagesand the greens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in the Sydney indie music industry C A S E F I V E Nucor in 2005 C A S E S I X News Corp in 2005: Consolidating the DirecTV acquisition C A S E S E V E N Shanghai Volkswagen: Implementing project management in the electrical engineering division C A S E E I G H T Television New Zealand: Balancing between commercial and social objectives C A S E N I N E From greenï ¬ eld to graduates: University of the Sunshine Coast C A S E T E N

Guiding Children’s Behavior Free Essays

I have rated the fourteen steps to guiding children’s behavior based on personal belief and experience. 1. Model Appropriate Behavior: Show, demonstrate, model and supervise. We will write a custom essay sample on Guiding Children’s Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now Children are watching you therefore you need to be the best role model you can be. As a positive role model you need to make good choices and encourage children to do their best too. It has been proven that children with positive role models have higher self-esteem, do better in school and social settings, and are more likely to make good choices in difficult/stressful situations. Positive role models can last a lifetime. 2. Meet Children’s Needs: Children need to eat nutritional foods, drink plenty of water, and get enough sleep and exercise. Children need a safe environment at home and at school. Children need love, affection and respect. Children need to be given opportunities to be successful so they can build self-esteem. Children need to be given responsibility and independence so they can experience self-actualization. As caregivers, it is our responsibility to provide all of these needs, children need us to do this for them. 3. Use and Teach Conflict Management: Teach children how to successfully resolve conflicts. Children need to learn how to handle difficult situations, they don’t know how to resolve a problem if we don’t show them how. As a role model, it is important to display conflict resolution, children will learn by watching you. It is important to show children how to share, talk it over, take turns, choose to do something else, and say â€Å"sorry†. I think it is so important that adults apologize to children when it’s appropriate, respect goes both ways, if you expect a child to say â€Å"I’m sorry† to you then as a role model you should apologize to children when necessary too. . Know and Use Developmentally Appropriate Practice: Learn as much as you can about children, have high but appropriate expectations. As an instructor, it is crucial to always continue learning about Early Childhood Education, stay up-to-date with current methods and trends. 5. Teach Cooperative Learning and Living: This is such an important step because it’s a lifetime step. It is crucial to discuss cooperation with children because life is full of social interactions, they need to know how to cooperate in a group settings and how to recognize different behaviors. Talk with children about different behaviors and reactions so they understand how they are feeling and how to react appropriately. 6. Develop a Partnership with Parents, Families, Others: As an instructor, it is your job to communicate with people who are important in your students life because they are influencing the child outside of the classroom. Make it clear to parents and caregivers that you are always available for communication, that you care about the child and want whats best for them. I think it is extremely important to involve parents and caregivers in classroom activities, they should know what you are teaching and how children are learning. Overall, if there is understanding and communication between parents and teachers then the child will probably have a more rewarding learning experience in the classroom and at home. 7. Empower Children: Children need to learn that they are ultimately responsible for their own behavior, allow children to have choices and support them. It is important that children know you trust their decisions and feel successful when they make positive choices. . Establish Appropriate Expectations: The expectations you have for children should be attainable and used as guideposts in learning. Children should have a clear understanding of rules and limits, this way they know what is expected of them. As an instructor, you should always be clear about exactly what you expect and what the consequences will be if rules and limits are broken. 9. Clarify your Beliefs about Guiding Behavior: It is important to be certain about what you want for children in the classroom and at home. Use a philosophy of education to guide your teaching and review it often, be sure you are always doing your best to do best for the children in your classroom. 10. Use Social Constructivist Approach: Teachers should always be guiding students to behave in a socially appropriate and productive way. Once again, you are a role model, be the best role model you can be, children are watching your decision making and behaviors. Make responsible choices so children can ape this behavior. 11. Help Children Build New Behaviors: Give children praise when necessary. I am a strong believer in the power of positive reinforcement, children react positively when you reward them for making good choices. It is important that children know you recognize they are choosing to make a good choice because it lets them know you are watching them and acknowleding their efforts to control their behavior. 12. Recognize Value Basic Rights: We all have basic rights, children too! Respect their basic rights and it will be easier to guide and direct children’s behavior. 13. Avoid Problems: Positive reinforcement is a great way to focus on good choices and show children that you appreciate their good behavior. Too many times I see parents and instructors who focus on negative behavior and forget to acknowledge positive decision making. If you ignore negative behavior children will learn that they will not get attention or reward for negative behavior. Be sure to always reward and focus on good decision making. Children will learn that by making good choices they will receive praise and rewards. 14. Arrange and Modify the Environment: The classroom should be a safe place of learning and fun. As an instructor, it is your responsibility to provide an annpropriate environment that supports learning for everyone. How to cite Guiding Children’s Behavior, Papers

Economic Transformation Programme Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Economic Transformation Programme. Answer: Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) TheEconomic Transformation Programme was formulated with the objective of elevating the country under the status of developed nation by 2020 with a targeted GNI per capita of US $15,000. This will be attained by attracting an investment of US $444 billion with the objective of creating 3.3 million new jobs. The target of ETP for 2020 can be attained by imposing 12 national KeyEconomic areas, representing economic sectors, which accounts for significant contributions to GNI (Case et al., 2014). The programme is aimed at strengthening the nations commercial environment to make sure that the Malaysian companies are globally competitive. Measuring the inflation rate increased by 3.63 percent from the previous year in the month June compared to below market rise of 3.9 percent in the previous month and short of market anticipations. It is regarded as the slowest rate of inflation since the January, particularly due the fall in the cost of food and transportation. The unemployment rate in Malaysia for the year 2017 stood 3.4 per cent (Taussig 2013). The number of unemployed person increased by 1.2 per cent with the number of employed person grew by 2.1 percent. The seasonally adjusted unemployment rate stood 3.4 percent. The GDP growth rate rose by 5.6 per cent in the first quarter of 2017 in comparison to 4.5 percent growth in the previous three months and beyond the market expectations of 4.8 percent. It is the strongest expansion since march. Hence, it can be said that ETP explores new areas for growth that enables sectors to increase the value chain. References: Case, K. E., Fair, R. C., Oster, S. (2014). Principles of economics. Pearson Higher Ed. Taussig, F.W., 2013.Principles ofeconomics (Vol. 2). Cosimo, Inc.

Australia Pestle Essay Example

Australia Pestle Essay Australia and Fosters Well to begin with Australia, worldâ„ ¢s smallest continent ¦came into worlâ„ ¢d view in 1901 when the six colonies federated and became the Commonwealth of Australia. Political Environment Type of Government system:- The form of government used in Australia is a Constitutional Monarchy â€Å" Constitutionalâ„ ¢ because the powers and procedures of the Commonwealth Government are defined by a written constitution, and Monarchyâ„ ¢ because Australiaâ„ ¢s Head of State is Queen Elizabeth II. In Australia rule making powers are distributed between the Commonwealth, six States and two Territories: New South Wales, (NSW) Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania, the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and Northern Territory (see map â€Å" Norfolk Island Territory has also been given some local rule making powers by the national government) (Australiaâ„ ¢s government system is a liberal democratic one a political system that has free elections, a multiplicity of political parties, political decisions made through an independent legislature, and an independent judiciary, with a state monopoly on law enforcement , in short a system working in the interest of the citizens.) Control structure of Australia:- The Australian government structure is quite centralized as major areas such as taxation, defence, foreign affairs, postal and telecommunications services are managed by the federal government while rest of the matters such as police, hospitals, education and public transport are taken care of by the state and local government. Benefit of centralization Things run more smoothly and decisions take less time. There is strong power centrally located so problems are just altogether swiftly executed. Centralized government means that one body makes all the important decisions for the nation or state, and handles all responsibiliites, it is best for smaller nations that dont have much territory to control, therefore must keep everything tight and concentrated. We will write a custom essay sample on Australia Pestle specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Australia Pestle specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Australia Pestle specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer POLITICAL PARTIES:- Three political parties dominate the center of the Australian political spectrum. 1) The Liberal Party (LP), nominally representing urban business interests, and its smaller coalition partner. 2) The Nationals, nominally representing rural interests, are the more conservative parties. 3) The Australian Labor Party nominally represents workers, trade unions, and left-of-center groups. Julia Gillard Prime Minister of Australia â€Å" Member of which party What is that partyâ„ ¢s morals and how it would impact the country Economic Environment For Australia, the terms of trade are at their highest level since the early 1950s, and national income is growing strongly as a result. In the household sector thus far, there continues to be a degree of caution in spending and borrowing, which has led to a noticeable increase in the saving rate. Asset values have generally been little changed over recent months and overall credit growth remains quite subdued, notwithstanding evidence of some greater willingness to lend. Employment growth has been very strong over the past year, though some leading indicators suggest a more moderate pace of expansion in the period ahead. After the significant decline last year, growth in wages has picked up somewhat, as had been expected. Some further increase is likely over the coming year. From 1980â„ ¢s many structural reforms were witnessed which transformed Australia from a conservative, highly protected and regulated market place to an open, internationally competitive, export-oriented economy. Since the 1980s, Australia has undertaken significant structural reform of its economy and has transformed itself from an inward-looking, highly protected, and regulated marketplace to an open, internationally competitive, export-oriented economy. Many economic reforms were undertaken resulting in economic liberalization for the country. They were:- 1) Unilaterally reducing high tariffs and other protective barriers to free trade 2) Floating the Australian Dollar The advantages of floating rates include automatic stabilisation of the exchange rate. Floating rates offer greater flexibility of trade Will have to take explanation on the concept of Floating currency 3) Deregulating the financial services sector including liberalizing access for foreign banks 4) Reforming the taxation system including introducing a broad based Goods and Services Tax (GST) and large reductions in income tax rates. Australia is a mixed economy, with major state-owned enterprises in communications, transport, banking, energy generation and health services, as well as privately owned enterprises in the same areas. In common with capitalist economies such as the UK and New Zealand, Australian governments are reducing these activities by privatizing state-operated businesses. (Australias economy is dominated by its services sector, yet its economic success is based on abundance of agricultural and mineral resources. Australias comparative advantage in the export of primary products is a reflection of the natural wealth of the Australian continent and its small domestic market. (ENVIRONMENTAL BACKGROUND POINT) Social Environment Australia has a diverse culture and lifestyle. It reflects liberal democratic traditions and values. This diverse culture is because of millions of migrants who are settled in Australia from a long time. When people migrate to new place they spread their culture and knowledge also. Australia is a unique blend of different traditions and cultures. Australiaâ„ ¢s original inhabitants were the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples; they have been living in Australia for at least 60,000 years. The rest of the Australia has migrants or descendants of migrants who have arrived in Australia from all across the globe. In the year 1945, Australiaâ„ ¢s population was around 7 million, but today it is more than 21 million people. These migrants have enriched Australian culture; it has influenced traditional customs, lifestyle, education system, culture and arts. It has turned society in many ways creating a broader outlook. The defining feature of Australia is not only its diversity but it is the extent to which they are united despite of differences in culture. Australian laws allow everyone to express their culture and customs. Over the years the rate at which the GDP of Australia has improved, GPI i.e. Genuine Progress Indicator reflected a minimal growth. So what is the catch in this point This indicates that higher economic growth and social growth didnâ„ ¢t go hand in hand. Its high economic growth did not have much impact on the welfare and quality of life of Australians. An overview if Australia definitely gives a nice view with higher standard of living and longer life expectancies however this is true for certain groups in Australian society. While searching for the details I was looking for some positive notes but came across this data which changes the mindset and gives a totally different view of Social envt of Australia. There are still certain groups in Australian society under the burden of unemployment, poverty, homelessness and inadequate housing, education and health. Socio-demographic change is an important factor underpinning many of the trends and issues analysed in the following pages. Australiaâ„ ¢s population is ageing, increasingly mobile, more and more reliant on overseas migration for population growth as fertility rates decline, and organised in increasingly diverse ways with a fall in overall household size and growth in diverse family and household formations. Immigration Australia has one of the highest immigration rates of all developed countries, and has sustained high immigration for most of the past 60 years Traditionally, Australia has relied on immigration to sustain economic growth For most industries, population growth means market growth, and some industries, particularly the residential construction industry, have a very strong interest in high immigration levels. Even the government finds immigration attractive it helps keep the population young, thus maintaining a high proportion of tax-paying working Australians and a comparatively lower number of older Australians drawing pensions and health care benefits. AGEING POPULATION An aging population can have a significant impact on society in Australia. In one of the sources it was mentioned that by the year 2027, there will be a marked increase in the number of Australians over sixty four years of age. Another cause of Australiaâ„ ¢s aging population is improved life expectancies. The first positive economic effect on the Australian economy will be economic growth and expansion. As older generations tendency to save more in the form of investments in financial sector will act as an injection into the economy causing the economy to expand. The second positive economic effect on the Australian economy will be increased government spending which will lead to economic growth It is important to take into account the negative effects that an aging population could give rise to. Which is nothing but an indication of rise in unemployment a negative sign for any economy. Australias population, like that of most developed countries, is ageing as a result of sustained low fertility and increasing life expectancy. This is resulting in proportionally fewer children (under 15 years of age) in the population. Over the next several decades, population ageing is projected to have significant implications for Australia, including for health, labour force participation, housing and demand for skilled labour. Technological Environment Research and development Australiaâ„ ¢s strong business performance in recent years has been underpinned by a record of innovation and a longstanding commitment to research and development (RD), aimed at increasing productivity, building new markets and boosting international competitiveness. The Australian Government supports RD through direct funding as well as providing significant tax concessions to encourage private sector investment. RD priority areas include information and communications technology (ICT), biotechnology, manufacturing, mining and the food industry. Technology greatly impacts on farming in Australia. Scientific and technical advances have helped to make Australian farmers some of the worlds leaders in efficiency and productivity. As previously said, Australiaâ„ ¢s economy is dominated by the Service sector. And this is visible through the Information and communications technology The telecommunications sector in Australia has undergone a significant transformation in the past decade ¦ The Internet and e-commerce have boosted the international competitiveness of Australian businesses. Many Australian firms are now using internet technology to expand into new foreign markets. Important research is also being conducted by the Australian Government-funded Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) ICT Centre. This research focuses on innovation that creates a competitive advantage for Australia and leads to globally adopted solutions. Australia is today well connected, both domestically and internationally, with a modern fibre-optic backbone, satellite coverage and an extensive mobile network. Over the past two decades, Australia has failed to build significant positions in the technological revolution that has transformed the global economy. In high-tech industries such as software and electronics Australia has been left behind, and in emerging sectors such as biotechnology, it threatens to be. There is no intrinsic reason for Australias poor innovation performance. Australia is not less entrepreneurial than other developed countries or less scientifically creative. We have the human and financial resources. The challenge is to ensure policy settings provide the right incentives to encourage and develop frontier technologies such as biotechnology and nanotechnology, as well as ensuring the diffusion and upgrading of new technologies within established industries. The CEDA report contains analysis of Australias recent innovation performance by a group of leading innovation experts. Key findings include: Australia has failed to develop financial and organisational vehicles capable of managing the inherently risky nature of investment in technological innovation, which is characterized by far greater levels of risk than routine production. In no successful economy is innovation risk managed by markets alone. Nations that have established sets of institutions to achieve risk-sharing have succeeded in innovating in complex and uncertain fields such as software, electronics and the life sciences. Those that havent developed such national systems of innovation have failed to build those industries. In almost no country other than Australia does the stock market attempt to finance innovation in its early phases. If Australia wishes to participate in technology creation (as opposed to simply consuming technology) appropriate risk management vehicles need to be developed. Policy attention has tended to focus on science-based industries with high levels of direct RD and strong links to universities (such as computing, electronics, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology). While these high-tech industries are very important and can potentially act as transforming platforms, they are also very small (accounting for only 3 per cent of GDP in most OECD economies). The role of low and medium technology industries tends to be neglected. This is a serious failing. These industries (such as food processing, timber products, textiles, wine, mechanical engineering and services such as transport and health) are intensive users of RD and scientific knowledge. Economic growth is based not just on the creation of new sectors but on the internal transformation of sectors that already exist-that is, on continuous technological upgrading. Potential growth trajectories may rest as much on sectors such as engineering, food, wine and vehicles as on radically new sectors such as ICT or biotechnology. Australia has a conservative innovation system that is only slowly generating new paths of technological accumulation. The majority of innovation is incremental, involving improvements in products, processes and methods and is based on knowledge sourced from overseas. Despite a decade of strong economic growth, many standard indicators of innovation have been failing. While Australia has high levels of technological specialization in mining and agriculture and patenting in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals has grown rapidly over the past decade, we have one of the lowest levels of change in technological specialization among OECD countries. Australia has not seen the emergence of any major new sector such as telecommunications in Finland and Sweden, oil in Norway, semiconductors in Korea and Taiwan and motor vehicles in Germany. The report argues that an effective national innovation system plays a central role in enhancing competitive capability. If current weaknesses in Australias innovation track record are not addressed, our future economic development will be seriously impeded. Legal close regulation of key economic sectors, he Australian economy will have to increasingly address environmental and Aboriginal issues. Environmental damage caused by mining and agriculture, especially, have come under frequent media attack. Current issues include soil erosion caused by overgrazing, urbanization, and poor farming practices; increases in soil salinity largely due to farming practices; depletion of fresh water supplies, again largely due to farming and urbanization; and coastal damage, especially around the Great Barrier Reef on the Queensland coast, caused by shipping and extensive tourism. Mining impacts on the environment, such as the release of toxic substances, tend to be more localized. Mining and agricultural enterprises are becoming more responsive to environmental issues, but there is still room for improvement. Envt emergence of a green economy in Australia Energy industries have emerged as the greatest emitter of green houses gases in Australia. LEGAL/REGULTORY FACTORS Australia, the member of OECD escaped the Global financial crisis. OECD mentioned that Australiaâ„ ¢s strong regulatory frameworks and sound policies have helped Australia weather the global crisis better than the other OECD countries. The monetary and fiscal policy played a key role in supporting the Australian economy MONETARY policy The Reserve Bank of Australia is responsible for formulating and implementing monetary policy. Since the early 1990s, inflation targeting has been the main objective of Australias monetary policy framework as controlling inflation preserves the value of money. The current inflation rate is 2.80% and the RBA has set policy to achieve an inflation rate of 2-3 per cent on average. The inflation target is achieved through periodic adjustments to the Central Bank interest rate target i.e. the interbank rate (cash rate) at which the banks lend to each other overnight for cash flow purposes. To control inflation, the interest rate plays a significant role ¦.if interest rate is high, the aggregate demand tends to lower thus stabilizing the prices. In 2010, there was constant rise in the interest rate and the now the current interest rate has been maintained at 4.75% The rate of inflation tends to increase when the overall demand for goods and services exceeds the economys capacity to sustainably supply goods and services. Hence To help avoid the country falling in recession, the Australian central bank cut interest rates to a 45-year low of 3.25% in February. FISCAL POLICY Fiscal policy uses two actions:-Taxation and Government spending to steer the economy. Taxation

Japan Suicude essays

Japan Suicude essays In this life, everything has an opposite, such as happiness and misery, pleasure and pain, and success and failure. Moreover, if there is life, there is death, is one of the greatest mysteries of life mankind has been searching. For better or worse, there are many trials and challenges in this life, and people struggle to overcome their challenges. In fact, many people have difficulty in finding an answer in their lives, and often question where they will go after their death; on the other hand, everybody knows they definitely will die sooner or later. At the moment, some of them want to leave the situations upon which they are placed. In order to change their present situation, people choose what they want to do. Some people stick with the problem while others try to escape. In the feudal days of Japan, if the situation became too stressful and there was no way to resolve the problem, people often killed themselves; it was called seppuku or hara-kiri. Toyomasa Fuse, in Sui cide, Individual and Society, states that, The powerful motives for committing seppuku- saving ones honor, making apologies and assuming ones moral (as opposed to legal) responsibility for ones own mistakes or ones superior ones group . . . (215). After the Edo period in Japan, samurai no longer assumed strong power, and consequently, people stopped committing suicide. In addition, after World War II, Japan was influenced by Western culture, and at the same time, causes of suicide changed. This influence is found among the adults as well as the young. In fact, suicide is on the increase among young people in Japan and Linda L. Arthur claims Japans overall teenage suicide rate for many years was the highest in the world (13). The reasons are stress, depression, loose values, and family pressure. Japanese society and families pressure young people, and these...

Discuss the premise that cash is the 'essential commodity' of a Research Paper

Discuss the premise that cash is the 'essential commodity' of a business, that cash lubricates the business and allows operation - Research Paper Example Cash is particularly important for business because people and organizations will not be normally willing to accept anything other than cash in settlement of their claims against the business. This paper will specifically discuss the importance of cash management and cash planning in a business environment. Importance of Cash Financial experts indicate that cash is the ‘essential commodity’ of a business, that cash lubricates the business and allows operations to run efficiently. It is clear that cash is necessary to meet the day to day needs of a business. Evidently, a business firm cannot run its operations efficiently unless it has enough cash to pay its employees and debtors. In addition, adequate cash reserves are vital for business to invest in infrastructure and other expansion projects and to deal with unexpected contingencies. Experts opine that a firm’s cash flow is a key factor determining the long term success of the business. To illustrate, investors and shareholders give particular focus to the strength of cash reserves while evaluating financial position of a company. Clearly, companies lacking adequate cash reserves cannot offer attractive dividends to stakeholders and this condition in turn would adversely affect their long term sustainability. The intensity of market competition is very high today, and therefore firms need to significantly invest in business promotion in order to successfully confront competitors. If an organization does not have adequate funds to promote its business in the market, it will probably lose its market share to competitors and eventually the business may go out of the market. Importance of Cash Management and Planning As discussed already, cash is an ingredient element for business growth and therefore effective management and planning of cash is vital to ensure long term business success. Assuring sufficient funds as and when required is a potential challenge for financial managers in every or ganization. When an organization has sufficient funds to implement its business plans to address economic downturns, it can focus on its business operations confidently. On the other hand, when an organization struggling with inadequate cash flow, it is forced to review and modify its business plans. Under such circumstances, a firm cannot run its operations effortlessly. In the view of Williams, effective cash management is particularly important to maintain safe debt levels (n. p.). The financial management has to critically analyze the firm’s ability to repay debts before making a borrowing decision. Excess borrowing beyond the capacity of the organization will certainly affect the feasibility of the business even when the borrowing rates are low. Therefore, cash management is inevitable while dealing with debt financing. In addition, cash management plays a significant role in enabling effective utilization of money. As Nikolai et al. point out, cash management is particu larly concerned with the management’s ability to identify cash shortage problems before they arise and to develop potential strategies to resolve those issues recognized (317-318). Proper management of cash is crucial to ensure that the organization has sufficient funds to finance purchases and other expansion activities during the peak season. Thoughtful cash management is

Analysis of PJR Designs Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of PJR Designs - Case Study Example These are the first people who team up to register a company, corporation or a business set up. A majority of entrepreneurial skills enhances survival and copes with the stiff competition in the market. Most of these skills range from unique business strategies, development of consumer products through technology to guidelines for the achievements of the above (Daft, 2010: P 91). They provide guidance to companies, clear objectives, and priorities for successful ventures. Other tasks may entail supervising the acquisition of property, expansion, organization and all powers in disposing of assets. They are in charge of some department in the company and assume everyday administration of the company. In rank, they are below the executives but above the common employees. They possess a high understanding of the working of the company, very skilled in leading the other employees and managing them. They are to supervise, in person or through others, the workforce and make amicable decisions on behalf of the company (Daft, 2010: P 218). He has powers to appoint and fire employees deemed unproductive to ensure positive productivity. The productivity of a company is possible through determination of the number of units produced in a given period. The production responsibility squarely rests upon the production manager. The responsibility for ensuring that all systems are running and meeting deadlines lie to him. Acquisition of orders for production and assigning of personnel to do the job also forms part of his/her work. He gives directions on the work done, and when the need arises, gives recommendations on the staff or the types and kinds of machines required to enhance productivity (Daft, 2010: P 216). The export manager represents the company in the international business phase. The responsibility of attaining targets from international clients lay at his shoulders, and the meeting of deadlines (Tripathi & Reddy 2006: P. 95). The functions of shipping products for export and other modes of ensuring that the products reach the global market in time lies under him.  

Term Paper Project Domino's Pizza marketing strategist

Project Domino's Pizza marketing strategist - Term Paper Example o the increase in demand for fast food in the market and as a result of which new and existing pizza manufacturers have been entering or expanding their operations in the markets globally. It needs to be mentioned in this regard that the aspect of globalization also influenced Domino’s Pizza owing to which the company has been making constant attempts to enter or expand their operations in the new global markets. It was found in this respect that Domino’s intended to enter the markets of Argentina with their available or innovative fast foods such as pizza and drinks among others in order to realize their expansion plans. History and Origin of Domino’s Pizza Domino’s Pizza was introduced in the year 1960 and started operating in Michigan, United States by serving fast foods and deserts among others. Gradually, after capturing the market of US, the company started to expand its business overseas along with encompassing all the states of US. Presently, the c ompany is known to be operating in 70 countries with 10000 stores. Domino’s Pizza is considered to be amongst the largest chains of pizza restaurants currently owing to its global presence. Moreover, in the year 1998, the owner of Domino’s Pizza sold 93% of the company to Bain Capital Inc and in 2004, it transformed into a public company. Domino’s introduced innovative ideas with regard to their food products as well as services for the global market in order to satisfy the customers’ demands along with expanding the business operations. A few of the innovative food items introduced by the company can be identified as new inspired pizza, Domino’s heat wave, a desert food named cinna stix, cheesy dots and classic cheese burger among others. (Domino’s Pizza, 2012). It was recently found that Domino’s Pizza intends to enter the market of Argentina in order to fulfill its expansion plans. Demographic and Geographic Factors of Argentina Argentina is a European country and is learnt to be surrounded by Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and Chile along with Bolivia. Argentina includes 5 cities namely Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Rosario, Mendoza along with La Plata. The total population of Argentina is stated to be 37 million as per 2000 year census. The form of Argentina’s government can be ident ified as Federal Republic with Bicameral Legislative Power. The prevailing religion of Argentina is Roman Catholic and the languages spoken are Spanish along with other native tongues (Argentina Xplora, 2001). Internal and External Environmental Factors of Argentina The market trends of Argentina’s fast food sector reveals demands do exist in the market which marks and justifies the presence of certain companies such as KFC, McDonalds and others in the market. These stated companies have also been found to expand their business operations throughout the various markets of Argentina (Euromonitor, 2012). The rising demand for fast food in Argentina can be ascertained from the amount of fast food stores present in the country and also from the expansion plans of various

Consumption and Customers in the Automobile Industry

Consumption and Customers in the Automobile Industry Yu Dai â€Å"I don’t need it but I want it, why shouldn’t I have it?† In the documentary No Impact Man, the heroine Michelle questioned her husband Colin who had proposed the environmental protection project. The question, simple while indeed stated with logical precision, involves significant issues. From the economic perspective, this situation is described as hovering between personal motivations and consumer values when making economic decisions. Personal motivations have been considered a driving force of consumption, whereas consumer values express motivational concerns according to the theory of basic human values (Schwartz, S. H., Bilsky, W.). In the end of the movie, Michelle cycled through Manhattan with her baby girl. She once could not understand why some people did not drive in New York City, but then she became one of them. It is customary to consider that â€Å"finding balance regard to values† implies compromise, in which personal desires are usu ally first sacrificed, as it did in the case of Michelle who gave up her car. Nevertheless, I argue that values can be useful in expediting technological progress and giving us guidance for consuming smarter rather than simply sacrificing motivations. The formation of consumer values cannot be divorced from the consumption behavior itself. The idea of consumption has a long history, even before the emergence of money, back to the barter system period. Consumerism in the contemporary sense, which was considered as the early immature consumer value, originated in late nineteenth century when the accomplishment of the Second Industrial Revolution further encouraged the economic development. People’s spending habits changed greatly during the past several centuries. Most economic developments in the last century have been achieved at the cost of environment, and after entering the new century, many attempts were made to change the situation. Automobile industry as one of the most representative examples shows the possibility that moral standard, as part of the consumer value, can stimulate the market to develop new technology through its influence on consumer demand and behaviors. Modern cars were invented based on the working steam-powered vehicle during the Industrial Revolution, and have become prevalent since the mass production of affordable cars by Ford Motor Company in early 1900s. The popularization of cars had made life more convenient, but meanwhile, plenty of problems arose owing to a lack of environmental consciousness in the early period. Along with the improvement of the consumer values, vehicle pollution has been a global concern with the coming of the twenty-first century. Although the inhabitants of the earth were fully aware of the importance of the environmental protection, it was still unrealistic to force them to give up owning cars in order to minimize the gas emissions and the use of petroleum resources. Therefore, there was an urgent demand for new types of cars which can be more ecofriendly. In the first decade of the new century, the design and manufacture of electric vehicles by Elon Musk is a milestone in the automobile history. Tesla Motors, the company with its incredible fully electric luxury sedan hit the wealthy who pursued fresh excitement and were willing to take responsibility for protecting the environment. The attractions of this fancy motorcar lie not only in its amazing acceleration or safety performance, but also in the use of clean energy to effectively avoid the emission of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. As Tesla Roadster was introduced as a better substitute of traditional cars to the market and consumers were naturally willing to replace the old one for the reduction of gas emission and the better protection of the environment, other companies saw the great opportunity as well and launched their new products one after another. Such positive consumer-driven cycle made energy-efficient and environmental-friendly automobiles a new trend of this cen tury. Different from what had happen to other markets, consumers didn’t simply cease their consumption in automobile to ease their concerns. Instead, they stimulate the market to update the products supplied by showing great demand for new types of cars out of concern for the environment, behind which is great influence from the consumer values. It finally offers them more choices, and thus they do not need to give up their motivations. The high price of Tesla Roadster may not be affordable to everyone, but other participants also showed their great efforts to make consumption both eco-friendly and satisfying. For those who already have cars, it seems impractical to buy a new one but reasonable to replace with another kind of fuel. Consumers highly demanded some improvements made in petroleum industry in order to reduce their guilty of polluting the environment. In this situation, the appearance of hybrid gasoline is well-founded. This new fuel reduces the pollution by adding ethanol into gasoline, which remains water after the combustion. With government support and the increasing demand, the production and use of ethanol fuel boomed in the past few years. And for those who want to buy new cars with budget constraint, the promotion of highly-efficiency and clean-fuel vehicles drop the price dramatically, and provide them with many choices as well. Consumer values often succeed in giving us suggestions about what we really need and demand for right things, in which bring such innovations that allow us to avoid struggling between conscience and desire. Besides automobile industry, there are many other businesses in which consumer values successfully make progress of technology to drive industrial development. In pharmaceutical industry, it has been a long history to use rare animals in medicine. The controversy of whether bear bile should be used as medicine has never stopped. Bear bile has been used as ingredients for its high medicinal value for thousands of years. However, the methods of bile extraction were very cruel which caused untold suffering to bears. Consumers expected the development of new drug which has the same effect but without hurting animals. Under this circumstance, after half-century study and experiment in medical circle, an artificially synthetic analogue of bear bile eventually were sold on the market and used widespread. It was another success that values guidance played its role rightly to promote the upgrade and update of commodities to conform customers’ demand. And there are numerous successful e xamples in every all walks of life. During the formation of consumer value in the past few centuries, a question has been frequently asked was in what way and how it guides our consumption behaviors. I would like to point out that consumer value as an invisible ideology often makes indirectly effect on buying habits. It exerts an imperceptible influence on consumer demand, and eventually promotes the market to supply better products with advanced technologies which allowed consumers easily to make right decisions.

Staffing Essay -- essays research papers

All About Staffing I. Nature of Staffing Staffing is an organization-wide function, comparable to other functions such as marketing, focused on solving problems and adding value with a company's human, social, and intellectual capital. Staffing includes attracting and hiring talented people, as well as developing, appraising, and rewarding them through performance management and training programs. Staffing has a heavy legal emphasis, since employment and labor laws significantly impact both employee and employer rights and responsibilities. Staffing is the process of recruiting, selecting and training of personnel. It means putting the right men on the right jobs. All business organizations should focus their attention and be concerned about the effectiveness and efficiency of their employees specially their managers. The function of staffing has to do with manning an organization structure so that it can completely operate in the present and in the future. II. Recruitment Recruitment is the process of encouraging, inducing or influencing applicants to apply for a certain vacant position. Whenever there are vacancies, it is necessary to find a person to fill those vacancies. Some organizations do not wait until the vacancy arises, but they anticipate such vacancies and new openings in the short and long run and thus plan for future needs. Steps in Recruitment 1. Study the different jobs in the company and writing the job description and specification. 2. Requisition for new employee. 3. Recruiting qualified applicants. 4. Reception of applicants. 5. Application form. 6. Testing. 7. Checking the applicant’s work experiences, school records and personal references. 8. Interview. 9. Matching the applicant with the job. 10. Final selection by immediate supervisor or department head. 11. Physical and medical examination. 12. Hiring. III. Training Training is the systematic development of the attitude/knowledge/behavior patterns for the adequate performance of a given job or task. All employees on a new job undergo a learning process whether or not formal training exists. Learning to perform or be more efficient in performing a job is made easier for employees where there are formal training. For the growth of the individual and the organization, these activities are carried out continuously in many organizations. The quality of this initial training ca... ...on to another without increasing his duties, responsibilities or pay. B. Promotion It refers to the shifting of an employee to a new position to which both his status and responsibilities are increased. 1. Horizontal Promotion – an advancement in pay that does not involve a move into a anew job classification. 2. Vertical Promotion – an advancement that moves an employee into a job with a higher rank or classification. C. Separation Separation from employment of the company may either be temporary or permanent, voluntary or involuntary. 1. Lay-off is temporary and involuntary, usually traceable to a negative business condition. 2. A discharge is a permanent separation of an employee, at the will of the employer, a person may be discharged if he is not competent in his job even after an honest effort has been made. 3. Resignation is the voluntary and permanent separation of an employee due to low morale, low salary, etc. 4. Retirement can either be voluntary or involuntary. It is voluntary if an employee retires upon reaching the number of years of services in the company as provided for by its policies. It is involuntary if one retires upon reaching the retirement age of 65.

Colon Cancer Treatment and Prevention

As representatives of the citizens of New York State, we have a responsibility to ensure that everyone has access to the highest quality health care possible. As a State Senator. I have worked aggressively to fight for increased funding for cancer education and prevention, and to improve and expand health care coverage and treatment, including legislation we are working hard to approve — the Women†s Health and Wellness Act — which would expand treatment and prevention services and insurance coverage for breast cancer and other illnesses facing women in particular. Colon cancer is currently the second leading cause of cancer deaths, followed only by lung cancer. This year, 130,200 Americans will be diagnosed with colon cancer. Nearly half, 56,300, will die from it. Focusing on expanding treatment and coverage for colon cancer is of critical importance in our continued efforts to provide greater access to preventative health care for all citizens. Because early detection is the key in fighting colon cancer and many other illnesses, it is critically important that we continue to educate people on how they can help to prevent colon cancer – by getting a colon cancer screenings like colonoscopies. Many people are apprehensive about the test itself, which is why we must continue to advocate for quality education and prevention services. One tremendous resource we have here in our region, right here in Rochester, is the University of Rochester†s Institute of Biomedical Sciences where scientists work diligently everyday to help find more effective ways to fight cancer. As the senior member of the Rochester State Legislative Delegation, I worked with my colleagues and Governor Pataki to secure $7 million in State assistance for the Institute and will continue to fight to support these important and life-saving endeavors. Certainly I support providing our health care consumers with greater access to prevention services and more expansive insurance coverage for colon cancer treatments and would encourage everyone interested in this issue to contact their State representatives to share their views and concerns.

All about Pygmy Goats essays

All about Pygmy Goats essays When most people think of pygmy goats they might not think of them as I do. They are fun, intelligent, animals, and they make wonderful pets. Pygmy goats have often been confused with Nigerian Dwarf goats, and Pygora goats. These breeds of goats may have some pigmy in them but they are bred different and have different goat breeds in them. There is so much to learn about pygmy goats, I will talk about several things including; how old a Pygmy should be before being bred, how expensive a Pygmy goats is to keep as a pet, what type of housing you may need, and how to feed them properly. Those are just some of the things that I will talk about. The Pygmy Goat was originally called the African Dwarf Goat. The Pygmy Goat first came from a former French Area off the West Coast of Africa. Heinz Ruhe brought the Pygmy Goat to the United States in 1959. By the 1970's interest in the Pygmy Goat began to grow to the point that registries for the Pygmy Goats were established to define breed type. In 1975 the incorporated National Pygmy Goat Association was formed. The Pygmy goat is a domesticated animal. They stand about 16-23 inches high, and weigh between 50-55 pounds. Pygmy goats are sometimes called African Pygmys, because that was where they were first seen. Pygmy goats were first seen in the United States in the 1950s in the zoos. They can also provide milk and meat, milk more common then meat in the United States. They use goat meat in Arabic countries, and over seas. Goat meat in the U.S. is not very popular, but there are some people out there that do eat it, or raise them for meat. Female goats are called does; males are called bucks; and young goats are called kids. Goats have the reputation for their odor, but generally only the males have an odor. The reason males have an odor is because they have scent glands as well as smaller scent glands in other places of there bodys. Pygmy goats are often kept as...

Free Essays on Hamlets Loneliness

Hamlet’s Loneliness Shakespeare’s work â€Å"Hamlet† focuses on several general themes that run throughout literature. The least obvious theme is loneliness. In Hamlet most of the suffering and loneliness Hamlet endures is brought with the secrets and betrayals he is forced to keep. In the story there are many instances where Hamlet is left lone with nobody to talk with about his pain and how it upsets him. This along with the betrayals of his former best friends torments young Hamlet throughout the play. These factors not only torment the young man but lead to his untimely demise as well. Hamlet learns rather quickly who is loyal to him and whom not to trust. The very first line he speaks gives away the feelings he has towards his uncle â€Å"A little more than kin, and less than kind." (I; ii; 65). He already distraught with the loss of his father but the addition of his cold, cruel uncle marrying Hamlet’s beloved mother is too much for the Dane to endure. His mother is another whom Hamlet feels betrayed him as well as her former husband by casting aside all love she felt for him and marrying his brother only a few months after his death. " Mother, you have my father much offended." (III; iv; 11) " A bloody deed-almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king, and marry with his brother. (III; iv; 29-30). Hamlet’s emotions suffered another casualty with the loss of the love his life Ophelia. Hamlet distances himself away from her as part of his crazed disposition â€Å"plan†. By insulting her and convincing Ophelia that he never loved her he further offends his soul. . "I loved you not" (III; i; 117) "Get thee to a nunnery†¦Marry a fool, for wise men know well enough what monsters you make of them" (III; i; 135-137). The final blow for Ophelia’s heart comes when Hamlet kills Polonius by mistaking him for Claudius. These actions lead Ophelia with no one to talk with and she takes her own life. The loss of his love d... Free Essays on Hamlet's Loneliness Free Essays on Hamlet's Loneliness Hamlet’s Loneliness Shakespeare’s work â€Å"Hamlet† focuses on several general themes that run throughout literature. The least obvious theme is loneliness. In Hamlet most of the suffering and loneliness Hamlet endures is brought with the secrets and betrayals he is forced to keep. In the story there are many instances where Hamlet is left lone with nobody to talk with about his pain and how it upsets him. This along with the betrayals of his former best friends torments young Hamlet throughout the play. These factors not only torment the young man but lead to his untimely demise as well. Hamlet learns rather quickly who is loyal to him and whom not to trust. The very first line he speaks gives away the feelings he has towards his uncle â€Å"A little more than kin, and less than kind." (I; ii; 65). He already distraught with the loss of his father but the addition of his cold, cruel uncle marrying Hamlet’s beloved mother is too much for the Dane to endure. His mother is another whom Hamlet feels betrayed him as well as her former husband by casting aside all love she felt for him and marrying his brother only a few months after his death. " Mother, you have my father much offended." (III; iv; 11) " A bloody deed-almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king, and marry with his brother. (III; iv; 29-30). Hamlet’s emotions suffered another casualty with the loss of the love his life Ophelia. Hamlet distances himself away from her as part of his crazed disposition â€Å"plan†. By insulting her and convincing Ophelia that he never loved her he further offends his soul. . "I loved you not" (III; i; 117) "Get thee to a nunnery†¦Marry a fool, for wise men know well enough what monsters you make of them" (III; i; 135-137). The final blow for Ophelia’s heart comes when Hamlet kills Polonius by mistaking him for Claudius. These actions lead Ophelia with no one to talk with and she takes her own life. The loss of his love d...

Capital Structure of Public Limited Companies Dissertation

Capital Structure of Public Limited Companies - Dissertation Example Table of Content Chapter 1: Introduction 5 Motivation 5 Aims and Objectives 5 Significance of the study 6 Research Questions 7 Research method and data 8 Research Structure 8 Chapter 2: Literature review 9 Global Financial Market 9 History 9 Evaluation of UK capital market 12 Causes of current financial crisis 13 Capital market 15 Source of finance 15 Current capital structure of FTSE 100 companies 16 Advantages and disadvantages of high leverage 19 Theories of capital market structure 20 Chapter 3: Methodology and data analysis 26 36 Chapter 4: Research Findings 36 Impact of Capital Structure on Agency Costs 36 Impact of recent global financial crisis on the capital structure of UK companies 37 Chapter 5: Conclusion 39 Reference 42 Bibliography 47 Financial times. European debt crisis shakes markets again. May 23, 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.kyivpost.com/content/business/european-debt-crisis-shakes-markets-again-105100.html 48 Chapter 1: Introduction Motivation Capital structur e of firms is developed based on many internal and external factors which have substantial influence on it. Financial Crisis or Liquidity Crisis in 2007 in global financial market has had a major impact on the firms’ financial status across the world. ... Financial crisis leads to dr4amatiacally decrease in stock price of the firms. So, equity structure of the firms also changed during this recession period. Capital structure is the major part of overall financial structure and policies of firms. Companies develop financial structure and policies based on major external financial condition of the market where they operate business. Though there is many empirical studies and research on capital structures but it hard to assess the impact of financial crisis on it. Therefore, it this study, capital structure theories and empirical studies are analysed to assess the extent of impact of financial crisis on capital structure and reason for the impact. Aims and Objectives The primary aim of the study is to evaluate the capital structure of firms in the UK before the global economic crisis in the years around 2007 and after the financial crisis in the years 2011 or 2012. In order to achieve the above mentioned aim of the study, the following objectives have been considered: Review theories on capital structure in order to determine how it might change during a period of prolonged recession and liquidity crisis. Compare and contrast the capital structure of public UK companies in 2007 and in 2011/2012.Evaluate the extent to which any changes in capital structure are due to the ongoing global crisis. Aim of this paper is a detailed evaluation of the capital structure of firms in United Kingdom. Capital structure of the firms in before financial crisis will be compared with current revised capital structures of the firms. For this purpose, reasons for financial crisis need to be analysed along with history of it to assess its impact in earlier. Theoretically aim of the paper is to

Primary causes behind the start of the Cold War Essay

Primary causes behind the start of the Cold War - Essay Example Cold War is recognized as an era of extreme tension and hostility between Soviet Union and the United States of America. The War had its origins at the end of Second World War and ended in the early decade of 1990s. The fear of nuclear escalation did not allow the two economies to indulge into an active war therefore; this war is known as Cold War. This war is different from the other wars because it was not an active war and it was fought through propagandas, military clashes, economic clashes and diplomatic bargaining. Most of the world economies came under the impact of Cold War including the neutral economies, newly independent economies and others. Various factors contributed to intensify the conflicts between the two nations however, a few of them appeared as the primary causes of Cold War. The aim of this essay is to discuss the primary causes of Cold War. In general, there are three views about â€Å"who was to blame for the Cold War? (Johndclare)† The Traditional view is supported by western writers who blame Soviet Russia for the Cold War and they argue that Stalin was seeking to establish a Soviet empire. The Revisionist view is supported by western writers who blame America for the Cold War. They argue that Truman could not understand the impact of Second World War on Russia. Third view is the Post-Revisionists view which considers the hatred of both nations as the primary cause of Cold War. ... The historians have disagreements over the exact date of Cold War however; most of the historians agree that this war started when the President of the United States, Truman announced an anti-communist policy. The Second World War has its significance in the discussion of Cold War because the war started immediately after the Second World War. The ideological, political and economic differences between the United States and Soviet Union were not much prominent before the World War II however; mutual suspicions and distrust intensified the differences between the two nations and came on screen after the World War II. These differences and the factors intensifying these differences became the primary causes of Cold War. The defeat of Nazi Germany became the collapse of old Europe and appeared as a common victory of American and Soviet soldiers who celebrated the victory together in Germany in 1945. However, the conflicts between Soviet Union and the United States increased when it came to make a decision about the occupied Germany and the composition of a new Polish government. These conflicts intensified when the two nations failed to agree on a common plan relevant to the control of atomic energy and Soviets started communizing the lands under their occupation which threatened the United States on the division of Europe. The United States could see the spread of Communist State in the Western Europe whereas; the Soviet Union was threatened by American nuclear power and control. Fuller argues that the fear of democratic west about the Soviet Union was the primary cause of Cold War. If at one end, Soviet Union had a fear of western invasions of her new satellites, then at the other end, the western states were seeing the spread of Marxism.

Management of Jims Cleaning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management of Jims Cleaning - Essay Example arch Design: It is seen that in any research, the results are confirmed only when they are in alignment with the validity that is, only when the results reflect actually what they are intended to measure as per the defined objectives. There are numerous ways through which a validity of a research can be determined, however, as far as this particular research is concerned, and the measures for validity measurement would include: 1. Statistical Conclusion Validity: as this particular research is quantitative in nature, it would be apt to find whether there exists a relationship between the variables defined for research. Suitable statistical tests would be intervened to ensure the credibility of the results derived and conclusions made. 2. External Validity: Another validity test that is chosen for this research is the external validity whereby the findings of this research can be generalized afar from the current sample. This also means that the problem of microfiber cleaning faced by other organizations and customers in general can prove to be beneficial not only for Jims Cleaning but industry as a whole and a general consensus to ultimate findings can be made. Reliability in Research Design Internal validity in a research is always subjected to its reliability. The data collected through the form of questionnaire, e-mailers etc is subjected to certain discrepancies. To avoid the possible disparities in results, test of reliability would be performed for the current research which includes: Inter Rater Reliability Test To ensure the reliability and certainty of the respondents replies, two observes would be allocated the job to rate the same respondents based on the information imparted by them through different sources after which they can be correlated amongst each... The current research focuses on the predefined objective that is Jims cleaning efforts and practices to overcome the current issues it is facing regarding microfiber cleaning of sensitive fabrics. For this, the business past and present performance will be studied and customer satisfaction would be derived by conducting a stakeholder analysis along with a SWOT analysis of the company. An organization faces numerous obstacles in the process of its establishment and growth. Customer satisfaction is the key that can drive an organization towards success and also an edge towards the existing competitors of the industry. In the course of execution, different problems emerge that pose difficulties for a firm to survive. Amongst all obstacles and issues, Jims Cleaning has emerged a strong competitor for all its rivals in the cleaning industry. But still there are issues which have lead to customer dissatisfaction in the recent past related to microfiber fabric cleaning. To overcome this pro blem, effective strategies and policies need to be framed by the top officials. This study aims to ascertain the procedure and practices that Jims Cleaning would adopt to satisfy its customers regarding the issue taken into consideration. SWOT analysis is a tool which defines all possible strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of an organization. This specific tool would help an organization to analyze its current position in the competitive industry in terms of its internal and external concerns.

Genetically Modified Food Essay Example for Free

Genetically Modified Food Essay Genetically engineered food is an epidemic all around the world. There are factors that make these types of foods undesirable for many reasons. Public opinions on how genetically engineered foods will effect the consumer market and farmers cannot afford the new seeds that are genetically altered. There are many cons of genetically engineered food that have long term and short term risks. Some risks have been found by scientists while other risks are still unknown and will remain so unless a researcher tests for them. These foods have become very common in America as well as other countries. Almost every grocery store in the United States carries a wide array of food that has been genetically modified. Most of the genetically engineered foods in markets are not labeled to tell consumers they were altered in any way. Environmental risks are also a concern for genetically engineered food. Different animals, including farm animals or insects can be harmed from genetically engineered food. Genetically engineered food has negative effects on the human population. Genetically engineered food was first introduced into society in the early 1990’s. Many people today do not know what kind of extensive research and development goes into making these types of foods. Sharon Palmer, a reporter, writes that genetic engineering is either â€Å"Doomsday tech† or â€Å"biotechnology for the future† (Palmer 1). The process of altering an organism completely changes the original organism and transforms it into something new. This new way of altering an organism’s genetic makeup bypasses common breeding methods used by scientists (Genetically Modified Foods 1). The process of creating genetically altered food usually involves â€Å"identifying the genes governing a desirable characteristic in one organism, nd inserting them into another in the expectation that the trait will be transferred† (Genetically Modified Foods 1). Sometimes the process of creating these organisms does not work so scientists have to do the process over again until they get a transformed organism. In 1973 scientists were able to achieve using another organism as a vector which essentially was the beginning of the development of genetically engineered foods. Although genetically engineered foods were not fully introduced until the early 1990s, they were in the process of becoming what society knows today. Newer techniques have been introduced that make it easier for gene insertion. This new method is the use of DNA bullets where â€Å"microscopic metal beads can be coated with DNA fragments, and then â€Å"fired† from a miniature gun into the host cell, where DNA may integrate into the genome† (Genetically Modified Foods 1). A few of the genetically engineered foods are soybeans, corn, canola, cotton, squash and papaya (Palmer 1). There are many other foods that people see on the shelves in grocery stores that may be genetically altered but these are some main ones. Statistics show that â€Å"an estimated 70 to 75 percent of all processed foods in U. S. rocery stores probably contain ingredients from GE plants† (Palmer 6). Many foods have been genetically altered to make them â€Å"better† or resistant to herbicides. Despite the fact that scientists consider these foods to be revolutionary there are hidden consequences to the development of such organisms. The public opinion on genetically engineered food is that it is not a good improvement. Many citizens believe that the introduction of altered foods is going to have negative side effects on everything. People feel that genetically engineered foods should not be put on the market until they have had adequate testing (Current Issues 3). Many of the alterations done to food have not had extensive research conducted to find harmful effects that they might have on humans and animals. Any research that had been done usually had negative effects but scientists found a way to â€Å"throw out† the research so that it would not go against genetically engineered food. Andrew Simms states that the â€Å"evidence of harm is not evidence of the absence of harm† (Simms 1). In Simm’s article he describes how consumers do not need genetically modified food. Scientists brought genetically engineered foods into the market and advertised them as a way to help the world. Different techniques can be used to approach the issue of world hunger. Introducing these foods to third world countries can only harm them not help them. There is a high cost of development for making genetically engineered foods. Also there is a monopoly involved with these foods. There are only a few corporations in the United States that are developing genetically altered seeds. This in turn drives up the price of the seed making it more expensive and poor farmers cannot afford to buy them (Current Issues 3). Farmers have lost billions of dollars because foreign buyers do not want to buy genetically engineered foods (Kupfer 1). Many states have passed legislation against having genetically modified foods. States do not think that genetically engineered foods can help anything except make things worse (Kupfer 2). Foods are altered to have different traits that would normally take a few generations to make but with genetically engineering their DNA scientists are able to do a lot more. Scientist use genetic engineering to make crops or animals drought tolerant and be able to tolerate pests. Consumers do not want crops that are mutations. They want natural crops and animals. Other public opinions on worldwide hunger are that GM crops will not change it. â€Å"People go hungry because they’re either poor, powerless, both, or have no land to grow food on† (Simms 2). Public opinion on genetically engineered food is that they do not want it. Many factors have led people to choose not to accept genetically engineered foods into their lives. Genetically engineered food effects everything in a negative way. There are cons to the development and introduction of genetically engineered foods into civilization. There are many risks involved with these types of foods that are unknown to the public. Scientists try to cover up the experiments they had on genetically altered foods because they had negative outcomes. In one study scientists fed corn to rats and then checked the rats’ livers and kidneys, particularly males, and the study revealed adverse effects. In another study conducted on GM foods many of the mice that ate the food developed health problems or even died during the experiment (Current Issues 4). The introduction of genetically engineered foods has been linked to the rising levels of food allergies in the United States. Genetically modified foods can effect organic foods if they are processed in the same place. Allergic reactions are greater since genetically engineered foods have been introduced (Smith 1). There are many environmental concerns as well. Although long term impact is unknown many researchers can conclude some of the negative side effects. A few difficulties have already developed. Plants can cross-pollinate with other plants around them which may seem like a great thing but it is not. Some plants are engineered to be pest resistant which seems good but in all actuality those plants can cross-pollinate with the weeds around them which in turn makes the weeds stronger and become more resistant to herbicides. The cross-pollination of plants creates a problem for farmers who then have to spend additional money to buy more herbicide to kill new weeds (Current Issues 3). Another common modification is adding a gene called Bacillus thuringiensis which is a bacterium that helps that plant develop poison that kills pests such as bollworms and stem borers. This seemed like a good modification by scientists but in fact the plant emits these toxins into the environment and it is deadly to all insects, not just the pests. Reports have been shown that these toxins from the crops also killed a large amount of butterflies (Current Issues 1). U. S. Government does not require reviews on genetically engineered foods. Genetically altered foods are not FDA regulated either. Foods are being modified without having adequate testing and then put on grocery shelves. People are eating food that they do not know whether or not it is safe. There are many other potential concerns with genetic engineering like an organisms genetic makeup, anti-nutrients, viral DNA, antibiotic resistant genes, absorbing genes, and allergic responses. Many genetically altered foods have been used as feed for animals as well. These animals have shown effects on body growth, changes in blood, kidney, pancreas, liver, erosion and necrosis of the gastrointestinal tract, and alterations in reproduction, development and mortality (Palmer 6). There are many unknown risks of genetically engineered foods. Unknown long term health risks have not been identified and cannot be identified until researchers conduct more research. Genetically modified foods are not something people should rely on in the future as their base food. There are risks today and also many other unknown risks. Genetically engineered food is a hazard to the human population. This creation was introduced to try and stop world hunger, make food cheaper to buy and many other reasons. These issues have not changed because of the introduction of genetically engineered food. The effects these types of foods have on humans and even animals can be harmful. Research shows that there are long term risks involved with genetically engineered foods. Potential cancers, diseases, environmental changes, and possibly a rising cost in food are all negative factors of genetically engineered food. Genetically engineered foods should be eliminated from people and animal’s diets.

Impact Of Globalisation On Biodiversity Environmental Sciences Essay

Impact Of Globalisation On Biodiversity Environmental Sciences Essay Biodiversity is the diverseness in the different varieties of flora and fauna in a particular habitat. It comprises of the totality of genes, species and ecosystems in a specific place. It serves as a source of aesthetic and economic value, is used as food and related items, provides scientific information and replaces engineering solutions such as flood control and water pollution abatement. Bio richness thus is rated of higher preference to stand as a major factor for the future economic growth and thereby the overall sustainable development. Globalisation is the concept where people, nations, technologies, businesses and networks are interconnected and interdependent politically, economically and socially unhindered by different time zones making the whole world as a unified globe. It helps in the increase of transportation and communication networks and allows cross border trade and resource movements. The international business activities and cross national treaties and agreements are done with much ease. The question put forward was whether globalisation is a cause for the loss of biodiversity. The notion of globalising the world comprises of upgrading and furthering of all the sectors and spheres of economy. People started enjoying the luxurious lifestyles and became attached to opulent materials and drew pleasure out of it. This drastically depleted the natural resources and their fullness. Since bio diversity is the key factor comprising of both the biotic and abiotic factors in an environment, the loss of its magnificence will drastically affect the present pace and thereby indirectly strike hard on the future generations to follow. STANDPOINT PROPOSITION The failure to proper recycling, inefficiency in the process of restoration of the near extinct varieties by newer fertility techniques, over exploitation of fossil fuels and enormous population growth have lead to serious troubles. Measures must be taken to search for the best breeding grounds and home habitats that would rejuvenate the endangered species. Ethical values and morale of people must be exploited for the protection of the extinct flora and fauna. The buffer zones must be encouraged to be set up for creating space between human intervention and original wild dwellings. All the intergovernmental organisations and related institutions must come together to coordinate and participate in meetings and seminars annually or semi-annually to formulate plans and implement strategies to avoid the hidden disasters that could arise from the advancing loss of biodiversity and the rare species. The value of ecosystem balance and a sustainable economy must be essential for a stable economy. Thus a good effort must be taken to uplift biodiversity as it contributes to both utilitarian and non utilitarian grounds. I take a mediocre stand in the preservation of bio diversity along with globalising the world extracting mutual benefits from both and contributing to a better economy. Thus a world would be possible enjoying the aspects of global benefits and equally valuing the bio assets. ESSAY The term Globalisation creates a big difference in the entire aspect of revolutionising an economy. It would generate a new world where people would agree upon common grounds and come into harmony to deal with arising conflicts and disputes with ease. It would make the dream of unifying the globe with a single culture, heritage, human rights and standards come true. The economies will unite together for a common goal, purpose and intention to individually contribute to the overall general development of the communities. The people would come into the point of giving their best by becoming mutually accountable for each other and developing complimentary skills. Effective participation and shared leadership will be displayed by each and every one being to make their part become clear and true. There would be right use of power and its implementation by the right set of people at the right occasion. Globalisation would make the technology to advance and grow in right proportions to all the sectors and areas in equalised amounts and contribute for the well being of its source. The cognitive, affective and behavioural patterns of economies will be furnished to contribute more and more to the well being of the nations together as a single unit with defined principles and etiquettes. The basic requirements of self actualisation needs, security concerns, sociability factors, status and dignity counts and general morale of the future generations will be revised and viewed upon in a different and broader perspective. The cross border issues and interstate matters will be held with concerns and peace treaties and negotiations would harmonise different colonies and related territories. Surely globalising the world is one of the most important factors required for inculcating a necessary change to the economy. Biodiversity on the other hand is one of the key factors comprising the earth to its entirety. It is the totality of genes, species and ecosystems together contributing to the biotic and abiotic factors of the planet. The richness of flora and fauna constitutes the green factor and spreads the value of aesthetic beauty. It is the basic building block of the earth and is the keystone element giving space for future growth and flourishing of newer breeds and varieties of species. Since globalisation struck the heads of people, so did occur the excess loss of biodiversity. People began to enjoy the taste of comfort and foolish luxury. The age of Americanisation, Mc donalisation and computerisation paved way to more and more relaxed methods of living and effortless access to materials. It generated a pathway to ready and immediate entrà ©e to the acquiring of the needs and wants of greedy souls. The corporate world and related institutions began to exploit the economy under the name of globalisation. Newer generations demanded latest and advanced gadgets to meet the competency levels and to satisfy the needs of emerging markets and labour forces. Nanotechnology, biotechnology, biomedical engineering, aeronautics, geospatial technology, genetics, fitness and holistic nursing, emergency and disaster management strategies, computer forensics, robotics and fields like artificial intelligence have created a yet different view in the whole living standards. The inte nsity, vastness and propensity of interconnectedness made possible through globalisation thus produced a huge impact on the present existence of people. Huge areas got cleared by excess amounts of deforestation and replacement of the space with new constructions and buildings. The prevention factors were suggested by planting quick growing trees in the place of the cut trees. But quick growing trees demanded adequate quantities of surplus water which was impossible to be provided in such high proportions. The typical example was of eucalyptus trees that required enormous gallons of water sources for its growth. Since it was a difficult move, it finally lead to a stop to the immediate growing of trees after mass felling. The activities like mining of fossil fuels like coal and petroleum from marine environments and the oil spills extended the hands of humans onto the natural habitats of the species dwelling inside the oceans. In a way the activities disturbed the entire food cycles in ocean environments. The plants that grow in the surface absorbs the contaminated water which harms the small fishes that depend on plant ingredients for their survival. Hence the luminous and bizarre creatures that grow in the twilight zone gets harmed which again spoilt the bigger predators that dwell in the bathypelagic zone and the abyssal zone. An incident occurred in California where a particular breed of pink pelicans got wiped out within few months due to the excess amounts of pesticides that was sprayed onto the rivers that was the main habitat for the pelican population in that region. As a result of the toxin, the plants got infected that automatically created problems to the fishes in that environment. So whe n the pelicans whose main food was fishes, consumed the fishes as in normal ratios, the toxin entered their body too. Since the energy transfer occurs based on a 10 percent law, the quantity of toxic chemicals that penetrated into the pelican body also. The chemical had a substance inside it that eliminated the cause of formation of coating for the eggs formed inside the pelican bodies. As a result, when the eggs fell onto the ground, broke due to the absence of the hard shell around. Since newborns were not produced, the species got extinct with the current population. The introduction of exotic species is yet another important factor that lead to the extreme loss of biodiversity. The exotic species are introduced for better resilience and adaptability factors with the environment. They display greater survival capacity with their advanced body adjustments and resistance capabilities. A typical example was the bringing in of the population of mongooses in a particular village to reduce the disturbance of snakes. After a period of time, the mongooses wiped off the snakes but as a result of the complete extinction of snakes in that area, there occurred extreme multiplication of rats and rodents since there was an imbalance in the food chain. The end result was snake control but excess population of mice. Hence the theory is that never cause problems to the natural co-existence of species as it would create other uncontrollable troubles in the future. The International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed the latest trends of biodiversity loss with the help of figurative graphs and ratios. According to the studies, the results obtained were that 21% of mammals, 28% of reptiles, 37% of freshwater fish, 70% of plants are under serious threat. Among the 33 largest biotic deltas, almost 24 are in a heavy sinking stage. From the conclusions of United Nation Environmental Programme (UNEP) yearbook, a rounded figure of US 50 dollars fish stocks have been depleted. The Amazon activists and reporters have given their analysis on almost 80 percent of the timber forests being sold illegally for personal gains under the disguised name of globalisation. The increasing industrial activities and factory outlets have created havoc in the nearby neighbourhood regions and the rivers and lakes in the vicinity. Excess toxic wastes and chemicals gets drained out onto the lands and the water sources. As a result of this toxic secretions, the f ertility of the grounds are lost and it penetrates onto the inner regions of earth through crevices and holes. Thus the water table gets affected and the deeper roots of giant trees and plants sucks the venom into it causing great trouble in the entire nutritional cycles and food chain. When surface run off and soil erosion occurs, the chemicals flows onto the rivers and its tributaries producing chaos and confusion to the fish stocks and marine plants. The evaporation process absorbs these harmful and unhealthy poisonous chemical substances onto the atmosphere. The rain when occurs causes acid showers and expelling of dangerous gases onto the surface of the earths layers. Many of these unbalanced cycles have contributed to the climatic changes and melting of polar ice caps thereby flooding the low lying regions. Ozone depletions and noxious gases have still been hot topics in the immediate future. Genetics have been another field that has brought in greater danger in the present scenario. Though it has played an important lead role in globalisation and its effective measures by raising improved varieties of cattle and stock, yielding better quality crops, producing healthy and resistant breed of animals and plants, genetically modified and reengineered products for the nourishment and proper intake of nutrient enriched food materials, it has also displayed itself as a necessary evil. Better varieties of crops and breeds of cattle are produced by artificial techniques and methods of cross breeding and genetically modifying the genital regions of livestock. Disease resistant and pest resistant varieties of crops and related types have lots of preservatives and chemicals added onto it to give the extra juicy and luscious appearance, which are too harmful for the normal metabolic activities to be carried on the human body if consumed above optimum limits. Nowadays Kentucky Fried C hicken (KFC), whoppers and double beef pattie burgers have constantly filled the stores, restaurants and bakeries. People are so addicted to the junk food that there is no way to make them realise the harm it can cause to their delicate skin and body. The heavy dose of calories that gets added onto the body can cause dangerous health hazards like obesity, chronic rise in blood pressure, heart attacks, palpitations and nervous breakdowns. The fat molecules when deposited around the vital organs can cause bad and alerting symptoms of body disorders. The hybrid cattle might produce milk, flesh and wool in much higher proportion than normal and original breeds. But the milk, flesh and related products will be full of injected hormones and dangerous equalisers. It is not the quantity that has to be counted and taken into account, but the quality and health parameters. Pollution has been yet another factor that has created problems for the people. Excess gas emissions, automobile exhaustions, ejection of chlorofluorocarbons and toxic chemicals onto the surface of the air causes respiratory disorders and nasal blockages. The people living along the roadsides and nearby factory buildings develop skin, eye and nose irritations followed by excess breathing problems. The wildlife too gets affected with extreme inhalation of toxic gases like carbon dioxide and carbon monoxides. The pressure thus generated around the valves of respiratory tract for sometime can even lead to a state of unconsciousness and if continued death. Lungs have a minimum capacity to filter out the unwanted toxins from the general pollution. When it exceeds the limit, the victim gets subjected to chronic unrecoverable ailments. The red list has cited an alarming number of hotspots all around the world. Rare and last of some of the keen species have gone extinct due to the high levels of human interventions and penetration onto the natural habitats and dwellings of the collection of species. The main trouble occurs when a particular breed of species completely vanishes from the earth. There is no means to bring it back onto the surface again into full strength. Therefore the best option is to protect and preserve the last survivals and constantly work for its maintainance and upbringing. One wouldnt know the true values of an asset until otherwise it is fully gone from the visibility of our eyes. Thus make the maximum effective utilisation of resources without causing harm to their balancing cycles and its self capacity to replenish itself. Usage is not a problem, but the way of handling it is the right method to be practised by individuals. Hence globalisation has brought about lots of positive outcomes but at the same time created havoc and disorder on the other end. Clear cut ideas and its implementation is yet an art that has to be handled and practised by the world and its inhabitants for the well being of the future and the effects to follow. If one does create an issue, he is fully responsible and liable to suffer the consequences that are to follow by his/her deeds. It has played a very important role in the destruction and devastation of the biotic reserves and its richness. CONCLUSION Globalisation is a true and positive measure that has made a huge impact on the entire assembling of the world as a unified globe. The effects and measures of its implications and scheduling have brought about lots of benefits to the world as an economy. People have gone forward into thinking seriously about the whole idea of globalising the world due to the increased chances of benefit factors and the thought of a better world has made them go for it. Every aspect has a positive part and a negative part. The positive side is that it has lead to liberalisation of trade, made technological advancements, built, stronger cross border relations, harmonised the economies despite of cultures shocks, communication barriers, age and gender bias, class disparities and rich poor inequalities. Globalisation as in itself is a key criteria expanding and extending its roots onto newer and fresher aspects of better chance and change factors and looks forward for innovative ideas and opportunities. The negative side is that the basic nature of globalisation is that whoever stands on its way is removed and destroyed in the process of advancement. So whether it is an industrial progress or a technological plant construction, no matter what, the surrounding areas and the nearby habitats are deeply destructed and devastated. The advancements are invariably achieved by whatever means. There may be many institutions and greedy eyes whose intentions are fixed to draw profits and money under the disguise of progress and emergence as a sole and supreme power. According to me summing up all the aspects covered till now, I go with my stand point proposition as to draw positive benefits from both the parties as both are interlinked and connected to each other. None can stabilise without the other. So giving space for the growth of both simultaneously can only bring about an actual change in the development of economy. Biodiversity is important for the continuation and survival of life and globalisation is required for the regular and constant growth of the existing life. It is true that damage may occur on any of the grounds, but make it a point that the damages affected are less and that the positives overpower the harms followed. Effective strategies and plans can be brought about to implementing right lengths of standards and formulation of techniques to sustain the growth of biodiversity and globalisation parallely. Scheduling and making proper plans as to conserve and preserve the balance of the existing species and creating the environment for their full fledged revival are very important for the future advancement of generations. All the environmental organisations and institutions must cordially work together in establishing a common ground and reap out the necessary outcomes for the mutual benefit of all the economies together as one.